ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To research the changes of blood parameters on different time points after micro-rHuEPO injection on young men and hope to provide evidences for Athletic Biological Passport (ABP) using in the detection of blood doping.@*METHODS@#Fourteen health young men were injected with micro-rHuEPO for 7 weeks, twice per one week.The subjects were treated with ferralia 105 mg every day during the injections.The control group was administrated with the same volume of saline solution injection and placebo 105 mg.The blood parameters (red blood cell, hemoglobin, reticulocyte, total hemoglobin, plasma volume, etc) were tested 11 times (7 days before the first injection, 3, 10, 17, 24, 31, 38 and 45 days after the first injection, 1, 2 and 3 weeks post the seventh week of last injection).By analyzed these total and concentration parameters, hope to know the effective of two kinds of parameters on ABP.@*RESULTS@#The levels of RBC and[Hb] were increased sharply after two weeks of injection and reached the peak in 5-6 weeks (9-10%, <0.01).It sustained till 3 weeks after the last injection.Total hemoglobin was increased significantly during the whole procedure of injections and reached the peak in week 5 (10%, <0.01) till 1 week after the last injection.Red blood cell volume was increased with the EPO injection and reached the peak in week 5 (<0.01), but blood volume wasn't increased significantly.Plasma volume was decreased with EPO injection and it was hemoconcentration.@*CONCLUSIONS@#It can enhance the total and concentration parameters through 7-week micro-rHuEPO injections and the total haemoglobin is more sensitive.So tHb can be used to detect blood doping in ABP.At the end of the last injection, the total blood parameters, such as the total hemoglobin, returned to normal, while the concentration index remained highly, possibly as a result of blood concentration.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Doping in Sports , Erythropoietin , Hemoglobins , Recombinant Proteins , Reticulocytes , SportsABSTRACT
Objective Based on the previous researches of hepatic blood vessel perfusion, using dynamic methods to study and simulate the dynamic behavior of fluid and mechanical properties of vascular wall during perfusion of defected liver (blocked or with foreign matter), and investigate the variation patterns and influencing parameters during liver perfusion. Methods On the basis of medical image data, both the liver straight and bend vessel models were constructed. A mathematics method was proposed to estimate the perfusion speed and simulate the flow of intravascular perfusion liquid. Under the condition of fluid-solid coupling, the mechanical properties of vascular wall were analyzed, and the optimization of perfusion parameters under multiple-coupling condition was suggested. Results When the vascular diameter of the liver changed (such as vascular spasm) or in the case of vascular thrombosis, the hydrodynamic behaviors in blood vessel during liver perfusion were as following: (1) The deformation in the first half part was much more serious than that in the second half part of blood vessel with different blocked degrees. (2) Under the same perfusion condition, the deformation in bend vessel was much larger than that in straight vessel. Conclusions The simulation results show that the proposed estimation method for perfusion speed is feasible, and the results of liquid-solid coupling analysis on both hydrodynamic behavior of fluid inside blood vessel and mechanical properties of vascular wall during simulated liver perfusion accord with the medical practice. The parameters influence vascular wall differently as follows: the blocked degree of blood vessels＞ the shape of blood vessels ＞ the location of foreign matter. The optimal parameter values during liver perfusion are also obtained under the condition of fluid-solid-heat coupling field.